Why Do We Shiver When We Are Not Cold
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You are sitting in a warm room. You are not outside, there is no cold wind, and nobody has opened a window. Yet your shoulders shake, your teeth almost chatter, and a shiver runs down your back. It feels wrong, because shivering is supposed to happen when you are cold. So why is it happening now? This is a question many people ask, often quietly, because it feels strange and a little worrying. The good news is that the answer is usually simple. Shivering is not only a response to cold air. It is the body’s way of making heat, and the body can decide to make heat for several reasons, even when the room around you feels warm.
The short answer is that shivering is rapid, small muscle movement that produces heat. Your brain can switch it on when your body temperature drops, when it thinks your body temperature should be higher, as in a fever, or when your nervous system is stirred up by nerves, excitement, fear or a sudden shock. In each case the muscles are doing the same job — shaking to create warmth — but the trigger is different. This article explains those triggers in plain words: what shivering is, how the brain controls it, why fever makes you feel cold and shivery even under a blanket, why strong feelings can make you shake, and when shivering is worth showing to a health professional. It is general information only, not personal advice. If shivering keeps happening, comes with a high temperature, confusion, chest pain, or trouble breathing, seek medical care promptly.
What Shivering Actually Is
Shivering is a reflex, which means it happens without you deciding to do it. When the brain sends the signal, muscles all over the body — in the arms, legs, chest, neck and jaw — contract and relax very quickly, many times a second. Each tiny contraction uses energy, and using energy produces heat, just as rubbing your hands together warms them. The shaking you see and feel is the visible part of that process. It is not the muscle failing. It is the muscle working hard, in short bursts, to warm the blood that flows through it.
You can think of it like a car engine warming up on a cold morning. The engine runs a little faster, uses more fuel, and produces heat as a by-product. Your muscles do the same thing when they shiver. They burn a little more energy, and the heat they make spreads through the blood to the rest of the body. That is why shivering is so effective. It can raise body temperature surprisingly quickly, and it can do so without any conscious effort from you. You do not have to remember to shiver. Your body does it for you.
Shivering is different from an ordinary tremor or a voluntary shake. A voluntary shake, like shaking your head to say no, is smooth and controlled, and you can stop it at any time. Shivering is rhythmic and involuntary. It comes in waves, it affects many muscle groups at once, and it stops when the brain decides the body is warm enough. A tremor, by contrast, is usually a smaller, more regular shaking of one part of the body, such as the hands, and it may have different causes. Telling these apart matters, because shivering that comes and goes with cold, fever or nerves is a normal body response, while a persistent tremor that does not stop deserves a separate conversation with a health professional.
The muscles involved in shivering are the same muscles you use to walk, lift and stand. That is why shivering can feel tiring if it goes on for a long time. The muscles are working, even though you are sitting still, and working muscles use energy and can become sore. After a long bout of shivering, people often feel tired, a little achy, and hungry, because the body has used up fuel to make heat. That tiredness is normal after shivering, just as it is normal after exercise. The body has done real work, even if you did not move from your chair.
How the Brain Decides to Shiver
The decision to shiver is made in a small part of the brain called the hypothalamus, which sits near the centre of the brain, just above the brain stem. You can think of the hypothalamus as the body’s thermostat. It constantly checks the temperature of the blood flowing through it, and it also receives signals from temperature sensors in the skin. If the blood is cooler than the level the brain expects, the hypothalamus sends signals to the muscles to start shivering, to the blood vessels in the skin to narrow so less heat escapes, and to the skin to raise goosebumps, which trap a thin layer of warm air close to the body.
This system works all the time, without you noticing it. When you step outside on a cool morning, the skin sensors report cold, the hypothalamus responds, and you may shiver for a few minutes until your body warms up or you put on a coat. When you come back inside and warm up, the hypothalamus stops the signal, and the shivering fades. It is a feedback loop: sense, respond, check again, adjust. The same loop controls sweating when you are hot. Shivering is simply the cold side of that loop.
The important point for this article is that the hypothalamus does not only respond to the temperature of the room. It responds to the temperature it expects the body to be. That expected level, called the set point, can change. When it changes, the body can shiver even in a warm room, because the brain now thinks the body is too cold for the new, higher set point. This is exactly what happens during a fever, and it is the key to understanding why you can feel freezing and shiver under a thick blanket while your skin feels hot to someone else.
Nerves also feed into this system. The hypothalamus receives signals from many parts of the brain, including the parts that deal with emotion, stress and alertness. When you are frightened, nervous or suddenly excited, those parts of the brain become active, and they can influence the hypothalamus and the muscles. That is why a sudden fright can make you shiver, even though your body temperature has not changed at all. The signal did not come from the skin. It came from the emotional part of the brain, and it used the same muscle pathway.
Fever: When the Body Turns Its Own Thermostat Up
Fever is the most common reason people shiver when they are not cold. A fever is not an illness on its own. It is a response, usually to an infection, in which the brain raises the body’s set point. Imagine the thermostat in a house being turned up from 20 degrees to 24 degrees. The house is still at 20 degrees, so the heating system switches on and works hard to reach the new setting. Your body does the same thing. The brain sets a higher target temperature, the body is suddenly below that target, and it feels cold, even though the room is warm and the skin may already feel warm to the touch.
That feeling of cold is real, not imagined. The body is comparing its current temperature with a new, higher target, and it finds itself short. So it shivers to make heat, it narrows blood vessels in the skin to keep heat in, and you feel chilled, even under a blanket. You may pull the blanket tighter, put on socks, and still feel cold. That is because the blanket is not the problem. The target has moved. As the body temperature rises towards the new target, the shivering usually eases, and you may start to feel hot instead. Later, when the fever breaks and the set point returns to normal, the body is suddenly too hot for the old target, and it sweats to cool down. The shiver, then the sweat, are two sides of the same process.
This is why a person with a fever can feel cold and hot at different times in the same illness. At the start, when the temperature is rising, they shiver and feel cold. At the peak, they may feel hot and flushed. When the fever falls, they sweat. None of these stages means the blanket is wrong or the room is wrong. They mean the brain is adjusting the target, and the body is working to meet it. For most common fevers, this process settles on its own as the underlying infection clears, but a high temperature, a fever that lasts more than a few days, or a fever with confusion, a stiff neck, chest pain, trouble breathing or a rash needs medical attention promptly. This article gives general information, not a personal plan, and a health professional is the right person to judge a fever in a particular person.
Fever shivering can also happen at night, which is why people sometimes wake up shaking under the covers. Body temperature naturally changes through the day and night, and fevers often rise in the evening. A person who felt fine in the afternoon may wake at two in the morning shivering, not because the room has become cold, but because the fever has risen while they were asleep. A light blanket, a drink of water, and rest are the usual comfort measures people use, but anyone who is unsure, or who feels very unwell, should seek advice rather than trying to manage a high fever alone.
Nerves, Fear and Strong Feelings
The second common reason for shivering when you are not cold has nothing to do with temperature. It is the nervous system. When you are frightened, nervous, excited or suddenly shocked, your body releases stress hormones, including adrenaline, which prepare you to react quickly. Your heart beats faster, your breathing quickens, your muscles tense, and your body becomes more alert. Shivering can be part of that response. The muscles are primed and tense, and the extra tension can turn into a visible shake.
Think of a student waiting outside an exam hall, a person about to speak in front of a crowd, or someone who has just heard sudden bad news. Their hands may shake, their voice may waver, and a shiver may run through their shoulders, even though the room is warm. That is not the body being cold. It is the body being alert. The same hormones that help you run or react quickly also make your muscles more sensitive and more likely to shake. Once the moment passes and the body calms down, the shaking usually fades on its own.
Strong positive feelings can do the same thing. People sometimes shiver when they hear a piece of music that moves them, when they watch a powerful scene in a film, or when they feel a sudden rush of awe or joy. This is sometimes called a frisson, a French word for a shiver of feeling, and it is a normal response. The nervous system is stirred, the skin tingles, and a shiver runs down the spine. It lasts a few seconds, it is not painful, and it passes quickly. It is the same muscle pathway being used by emotion rather than by cold.
Anxiety can make this more frequent. When a person is anxious for a long time, their body stays in a state of alertness, with muscles held tense and stress hormones running higher than usual. In that state, even a small trigger — a sudden noise, a worrying thought, a change in the room — can set off a shiver. The shiver itself is not dangerous, but it can be uncomfortable, and it can make the person feel more anxious, which can make the shivering worse. Breaking that loop usually means calming the body down: slow breathing, relaxing the shoulders, moving gently, and giving the moment time to pass. If anxiety and shaking happen often, or they interfere with daily life, talking to a health professional is a sensible step, not a sign of weakness.
Why You Can Shiver After a Hot Shower or in a Warm Room
One of the most confusing times to shiver is right after a hot shower or a hot bath. You step out of warm water into a room that feels normal, and within seconds you are shaking. It seems backwards, but it has a clear cause. Hot water widens the blood vessels in the skin, bringing warm blood to the surface. When you step out, that warm, wet skin loses heat quickly to the air, and the water on the skin evaporates, which cools the skin further. The temperature sensors in the skin report a sudden drop, the hypothalamus responds, and you shiver for a few minutes until your body temperature settles again. Drying off quickly and putting on warm clothes usually stops it, because it reduces the evaporation and the heat loss.
A similar thing can happen in a warm room after exercise. During exercise, your body makes a lot of heat, and you sweat to lose it. When you stop moving, the sweat keeps evaporating, and the skin cools quickly, even though the room is warm. The muscles, which were warm and active a moment ago, are suddenly still, and the body may shiver briefly as it adjusts. This is also why people sometimes shiver after swimming, even in a warm pool. Water carries heat away from the body much faster than air does, so the skin cools quickly when you get out, and the body shivers to replace the lost heat.
Being in a warm room does not always mean your body is warm all the way through. Your core temperature — the temperature deep inside the body — can be a little low even when the air feels warm, especially if you have been sitting still for a long time, if you have not eaten for hours, or if you are tired. When you sit still, your muscles make very little heat, and the body can slowly cool. A small draught, a cold floor under bare feet, or a thin shirt can then be enough to trigger a shiver. The room has not changed, but your body has slowly lost a little heat, and the shiver is its way of catching up.
This is also why older people sometimes shiver in rooms that younger people find warm. As people age, the body’s ability to sense temperature and to make heat can become less sharp, and muscle mass, which is the main source of heat during shivering, can be smaller. An older person may need a warmer room, a blanket, or a warm drink to feel comfortable, while a younger person in the same room feels fine. That difference is not a fault. It is a normal change in how the body regulates heat, and it is worth respecting rather than dismissing.
Tiredness, Hunger and Low Energy
Tiredness and hunger can also make shivering more likely, and the reason is simple: both reduce the fuel and the rest the body needs to keep its temperature steady. When you are very tired, your body is less able to regulate temperature smoothly. The muscles are tired, the nervous system is less steady, and small changes in temperature that you would normally ignore can set off a shiver. This is why people often shiver more easily late at night, after a long day, or after a night of poor sleep. The body is running low, and the thermostat is less steady.
Hunger works in a similar way. Food is fuel, and the body burns fuel to make heat. When you have not eaten for many hours, the body has less fuel to burn, and it may struggle to keep its temperature up, especially if you are also sitting still. A person who skips breakfast, works through lunch, and then sits in a cool office may start to shiver in the afternoon, not because the office is very cold, but because the body is low on fuel and low on movement. Eating a regular meal and moving around usually helps, because both give the body heat: food provides fuel, and movement makes the muscles produce heat directly.
Low blood sugar is sometimes mentioned in this context, and it is worth explaining carefully, in general terms only. Blood sugar is the main fuel that muscles and the brain use, and when it drops, the body can respond with shaking, sweating, a fast heartbeat, and a feeling of weakness or hunger. This is a general pattern, not a diagnosis, and it can happen for different reasons in different people. Anyone who notices repeated shaking with sweating, confusion, or feeling faint should seek medical advice rather than trying to diagnose it themselves. This article does not give personal medical advice, and it does not name medicines or doses. The point here is simply that the body’s temperature and its fuel supply are connected, and when fuel is low, the body can become less steady.
Caffeine and lack of sleep can add to the picture. Too much caffeine can make muscles more jittery and more likely to shake, and poor sleep can make the nervous system more sensitive. Neither of these causes shivering on its own in most people, but they can make a person more likely to notice a shiver when it happens. The pattern is often the same: a tired, hungry, over-caffeinated body, sitting still in a room that is not very warm, starts to shake. The fix, in general terms, is not a medicine. It is rest, food, water, and movement, the basic things the body needs to keep itself steady.
When Shivering Keeps Happening
Most shivering that happens when you are not cold is brief, and it passes on its own once the trigger passes. A fever shiver eases as the temperature settles. A nervous shiver eases as the body calms down. A post-shower shiver eases once you are dry and warm. That is the normal pattern, and it is reassuring to know. The body is responding, adjusting, and returning to normal.
There are times, though, when shivering deserves more attention. If shivering happens often, for no clear reason, and does not stop, it is worth noting when it happens, how long it lasts, and what else is happening at the same time. A simple note — the time of day, whether you had a temperature, whether you had eaten, whether you were anxious or tired — can help a health professional see a pattern that a single episode does not show. This is not about diagnosing yourself. It is about giving a professional clear information to work with.
Seek medical care promptly if shivering comes with a high temperature, confusion, a stiff neck, chest pain, trouble breathing, a rash, or if the person cannot be roused properly. Seek care also if shivering happens after a head injury, after a severe allergic reaction, or if it does not stop after warming up and resting. These are general warning signs, not a complete list, and anyone who feels very unwell should not wait to see if it passes. It is always better to ask a health professional early than to guess.
For most people, though, the story is simpler. Shivering when you are not cold is the body doing its job. It is making heat, responding to a higher set point during fever, reacting to nerves or strong feelings, or catching up after a sudden loss of heat from the skin. Once you know that, the experience feels less strange. You can dry off after a shower, put on a warm layer, eat something, rest, and let the body settle. The shiver is not a mystery. It is a signal, and like most body signals, it makes sense once you know what it is signalling.
My Take:
When I first thought about shivering when you are not cold, my reaction was the same as most people’s: it feels wrong. Shivering belongs outside, in winter, with a coat that is not warm enough. It does not belong in a warm living room, after a hot shower, or in the middle of a conversation. Yet once you understand what shivering actually is — muscles working quickly to make heat — the mystery fades, and the experience becomes much less worrying. The body is not confused. It is responding to a signal, and the signal can come from the skin, from the brain’s thermostat, or from the emotional part of the brain. Knowing that changes how you feel about it. A shiver stops being a strange fault and becomes a sensible response.
I think the fever explanation is the most useful part of this topic, because it is the one people misunderstand most. When you have a fever, you feel cold, you shiver, and you pull the blanket tighter, while someone touching your forehead says you feel hot. Both of you are right. Your skin may be warm, but your brain has raised its target temperature, and your body is below that target, so it feels cold and shivers to catch up. I find that idea clarifying, because it shows that feeling cold is not always about the room. It is about the comparison between where you are and where your brain thinks you should be. Once you see that, the fever shiver makes sense, and you stop blaming the blanket or the weather.
I also think the nervous system deserves more attention than it usually gets in this conversation. People are quick to say “I must be coming down with something” when they shiver, and they forget that nerves, fear, excitement and even joy can make the body shake. I have seen this in ordinary life: a person waiting for news, a student before an exam, someone who has just heard something shocking. Their hands shake, their shoulders shiver, and the room is warm. That is not an illness. It is adrenaline and alertness, and it passes when the body calms down. I think we should normalise that, because it stops people from worrying unnecessarily, and it reminds us that the body and the mind are not separate. A feeling can make a muscle shake, just as cold can.
There is a practical lesson here too. If you shiver after a hot shower, dry off quickly and put on warm clothes, because the shiver is about heat loss from wet skin, not about being ill. If you shiver after sitting still for hours without eating, move around and eat something, because the body needs fuel and movement to stay warm. If you shiver when you are nervous, slow your breathing, relax your shoulders, and give yourself a minute, because the body needs time to come down from alertness. None of these are treatments. They are simple, sensible responses to a simple, sensible signal. I like that kind of advice, because it is practical, it costs nothing, and it respects the body’s own logic.
I want to be honest about the limits, though. Shivering is usually harmless and brief, but it is not always harmless, and it would be wrong to say otherwise. A shiver that keeps happening for no clear reason, a shiver with a high fever, confusion, chest pain or trouble breathing, or a shiver that does not stop after warming up — those are different, and they deserve medical attention. I think the right attitude is calm, not dismissive. Notice the pattern, notice what else is happening, and ask a professional if you are unsure. That is not overreacting. It is taking your body seriously, which is the sensible thing to do.
I also think about older people here, because they often shiver in rooms that younger people find comfortable, and they are sometimes told they are imagining it or being fussy. They are not. As the body ages, it makes heat less efficiently, it senses temperature less sharply, and it has less muscle to shiver with. An older person who feels cold in a warm room is reporting a real experience, and the kind response is a blanket, a warm drink, and a warmer room, not a dismissal. The same is true for children, who may shiver more easily because their bodies are smaller and lose heat faster. Listening to what people say about feeling cold, rather than judging it by the room temperature, is a small kindness that matters.
The connection with tiredness and hunger is another part I find useful. When you are tired, hungry, or have not slept well, your body is less steady, and small things can set off a shiver. That is not a sign of a serious problem on its own. It is a sign that the body is running low, and it needs rest and food. I think many people ignore that signal and push on, drinking more coffee, staying up later, skipping meals, and then wondering why they feel shaky. The body is not being difficult. It is asking for the basics: sleep, food, water and movement. Giving it those basics is often enough to make the shivering stop, and it is a better answer than looking for a complicated cause.
My final view is that shivering when you are not cold is usually the body doing its job well. It is making heat when the brain asks for it, whether the request comes from a fever, from nerves, from sudden heat loss, or from low fuel. The muscle shake is the same in each case, but the reason is different, and knowing the reason makes the experience less frightening. I would tell a friend who shivers in a warm room to notice the context: Do you have a temperature? Are you nervous? Have you just come out of a shower? Have you eaten? Have you slept? Those five questions usually point to the answer, and the answer is usually ordinary. And if the answer is not ordinary, or the shivering keeps happening, I would tell them to ask a health professional, promptly and without embarrassment. That is the balanced view: understand the normal reasons, respect the warning signs, and do not let a normal shiver turn into unnecessary worry.
If a friend asked me for one simple takeaway, I would say this: shivering is heat-making, not just cold-feeling. The body shakes to warm itself, and it can decide to do that for several reasons, even in a warm room. A fever raises the target, nerves stir the muscles, a hot shower cools the skin quickly, and tiredness and hunger make the body less steady. Most of the time, the shiver passes when the trigger passes, and a blanket, a meal, a rest, or a few slow breaths is enough. That is the whole story, in plain words, and I think it is a reassuring one. The body is not failing when it shivers. It is working, quickly and without being asked, to keep you warm and steady, and that is exactly what it is supposed to do.
I think about children here, because children shiver in a way that worries parents, and the worry is understandable. A child comes in from playing, sits down in a warm room, and starts to shake. The parent feels the child’s forehead, finds it warm, and wonders what is wrong. Often the answer is simple: the child has been running, sweating, and then stopped suddenly, so the skin cooled quickly. Or the child is tired and hungry after a long afternoon, and the body is low on fuel. A warm drink, dry clothes, and a meal usually settle it. I think parents should trust that pattern, while also knowing when to ask a professional — when the shivering comes with a high temperature that does not settle, when the child is unusually drowsy, or when the shaking does not stop. That balance, calm but alert, is the right one for children and for adults.
There is also the question of what to do when someone else is shivering. I think the kindest response is practical, not panicky. Offer a blanket, offer a warm drink, help them sit somewhere comfortable, and ask how they feel. Do not crowd them with questions, and do not insist they must be ill. A shiver on its own is not an emergency, and treating it like one can make the person more anxious, which can make the shaking worse. If they feel very unwell, or if warning signs appear, then seek help promptly. Otherwise, warmth, rest, and a little time are usually enough. I think that is a good rule for many body signals: respond calmly, watch, and act quickly only when the signs say you should.
I also want to mention exercise, because exercise changes how shivering feels. A person who exercises regularly has stronger muscles, and stronger muscles can make heat more efficiently, but they also lose heat faster through sweat. After a hard workout, the body is warm inside but wet outside, and the moment the person stops moving, the skin cools and a shiver can start. That is why athletes put on a warm layer straight after training, even on a mild day. It is not vanity. It is the body losing heat through wet skin, and the layer stops that loss. For someone who does not exercise much, the same thing can happen after a brisk walk or after climbing stairs: the body warms up, sweats a little, then cools quickly when the movement stops. A dry shirt and a few minutes of gentle movement usually settle it.
Winter brings this into focus. In cold months, people shiver more, and they expect it, so it does not worry them. But winter also brings fevers, colds, and long nights indoors, and those can make shivering happen in warm rooms too. A person sits by a heater, feels warm, and then starts to shake, because a fever is rising. Another person comes in from the cold, warms up too quickly in a hot bath, and then shivers when they step out. The season does not change the basic rules. It just gives the body more chances to lose heat quickly and more chances to catch a fever. Knowing that helps in winter, because it stops a shiver from feeling like a mystery. It is the same heat-making response, in a season when heat is lost more easily.
I think it is also worth distinguishing, in my own view, between a shiver and a shake that does not stop. A shiver comes in waves, it affects the whole body, and it fades when the body warms up or calms down. A shake that stays in one hand, or that happens every day at the same time, or that does not fade with warmth and rest, is a different pattern, and it deserves a separate conversation with a health professional. I am not giving a diagnosis here, and I do not want to. I am simply saying that patterns matter. One shiver after a shower is ordinary. A shake that never stops is not the same thing, and noticing the difference is part of looking after yourself.
Finally, I want to say something about fear itself, because fear of shivering can become a problem on its own. A person shivers once in a warm room, worries about it, watches for it, and then notices every small shake, which makes them more anxious, which makes them shake more. That loop is real, and it is common. Breaking it starts with understanding: the body shivers to make heat, and it has several normal reasons to do so. Once you know that, you can ask the five questions — temperature, nerves, shower, food, sleep — and usually find the answer. And when you find it, the worry fades, the body calms down, and the shiver fades with it. That is the outcome I would want for anyone who asks this question: not just an explanation, but a little less worry, and a little more trust in a body that is, most of the time, doing exactly what it should.
Frequently Asked Questions
What makes “why do we shiver when we are not cold” easier to understand in plain words?
It becomes easier when you think of shivering as the body making heat by shaking its muscles quickly, like rubbing your hands together to warm them. The brain can switch that heat-making on because the room is cold, because a fever has raised the body’s target temperature, or because nerves and strong feelings have stirred the muscles. Once you see shivering as heat-making, not just cold-feeling, the warm-room cases make sense.
In simple words, what does “why do we shiver when we are not cold” mean?
In simple words, it means the body is shaking its muscles to create warmth even though the air around you does not feel cold. The trigger is usually inside the body rather than outside it: a fever raising the brain’s temperature target, nerves or strong emotions activating the muscles, sudden heat loss from wet skin after a shower or swim, or tiredness and hunger making temperature control less steady.
Why do people ask “why do we shiver when we are not cold” so often?
People ask it so often because shivering feels like it should only happen in cold weather, so shivering in a warm room feels strange and worrying. It also happens in common situations — during a fever, before an exam, after a hot shower, or late at night when tired — and people want to know whether it is normal or a sign of something wrong. In most cases it is a normal body response, but the question is a sensible one to ask.
Does “why do we shiver when we are not cold” change with age or daily routine?
Yes, it can change with both. Older people may shiver more easily in rooms that younger people find warm, because the body makes heat less efficiently with age and has less muscle to shiver with. Children can also shiver more easily because smaller bodies lose heat faster. Daily routine matters too: poor sleep, skipping meals, sitting still for long hours, and too much caffeine can all make the body less steady and a shiver more likely.
When is “why do we shiver when we are not cold” most noticeable?
It is most noticeable during a fever, when the temperature is rising and the body feels cold under a blanket; after stepping out of a hot shower or pool, when wet skin loses heat quickly; and in moments of nerves, fear or sudden excitement, when stress hormones tense the muscles. It is also more noticeable late at night or after a long, tiring day, when the body is low on rest and fuel.
What do people notice first when they ask “why do we shiver when we are not cold”?
People usually notice the shaking itself first — in the shoulders, hands or jaw — and then the mismatch: the room feels warm, but the body feels cold and shivery. After that they often notice what else is happening at the same time, such as a temperature, a nervous feeling, wet skin after a shower, or tiredness and hunger, and those clues usually point to the reason.
Sources
- NHS — general health information: https://www.nhs.uk/
- World Health Organization — health topics: https://www.who.int/
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — health information: https://www.cdc.gov/
- Mayo Clinic — general health information: https://www.mayoclinic.org/
- Healthline — general health information: https://www.healthline.com/
